Page 46 - Market Analysis Report of Optical Communications Field in China & Global market 2021

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Analysis of the Future Development Trend of

Optical Communication Technology

Hu Zhang Wei, Jie Shuiping
Zhongtian Broadband Technology Co., Ltd.,

Abstract from tens of MHz to THz, and the transmission distance has
O ptical communication technology has been applied developed from tens of Km to more than 10,000 Km [1, 2].
3. Future development trend of optical communication
in various fields of industry and life, with continuous
increasing of bandwidth demand, new optical communication technology
theories and technologies are constantly being studied. After decades of development, optical fiber communication
Combined with the development status of optical technology has gradually matured, but in order to meet
communication technology, this paper analyzes the future the requirements of larger capacity and lower delay, more
development trend of optical communication technology, new theories and technologies are still needed to support
larger capacity optical information transmission can be the future development of optical communication. This
achieved by the optimization of the optical transmission paper introduces the main development direction of optical
network structure, the expansion of transmission links and communication technology in the future combining the
nodes, the sinking construction of all-optical networks, and actual application of optical communication technology.
the application of new technologies such as silicon light. 3.1 Optimization of optical transport network structure
In order to cope with the east-west traffic flow changes
brought about by the business layout and new data centers,
1. Introduction the transmission network architecture plan has evolved from
Information technology is the forerunner of modern the past “traditional convergence type” to the “new data
industry. Since the birth of the first low-loss silica optical center” layout.
fiber in Corning in 1970, information and communication The existing network revolves around the client (end)
technology has entered the era of optical communication. and content (cloud), and forms a stable convergent (pipe)
With the implementation of the “Broadband China” strategy, network architecture through north-south traffic grooming.
the current domestic fixed network access has basically In the new data center layout, the backbone transmission
achieved the goal of all-opticalization, and FTTx has covered network architecture is optimized and restructured around
most of the urban and rural areas. Optical communication the data center to enhance the ability to channel traffic from
technology now has been widely used in the fields of east to west, the traffic of edge enterprises is landed in the
communication networks, Internet, radio and television region, and the business is concentrated in the park and
networks, and optical fiber sensing and other private enterprise. 5G+F5G covers business scenarios in depth, and
networks, also has been developing in the direction of large- it is necessary to build a unified specification covering the
capacity and long-distance transmission. In recent years, three basic application scenarios of transmission network,
cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile Internet, 5G and access network and resident network to achieve continuous
other applications have continued to develop, and people’s network reconstruction in the direction of connection,
demand for bandwidth is increasing, ultra-large capacity and computing, platform and application.
ultra-low latency optical communication systems are the 3.2 High-capacity transmission link technology
basis for high-speed communications. There are two main aspects to the improvement of the
capacity of the optical information transmission link, one is
2. Development status of optical communication the improvement of the single-wave rate, and the other is the
technology channel multiplexing.
The optical communication system is mainly composed of 3.2.1 Single-wave rate enhancement technology
optical transmitters, optical fiber waveguides, and optical The increase in single-wave rate is mainly based on the
receivers. The development of high-speed semiconductor development of semiconductor lasers, detector performance
laser modulation, high-speed semiconductor detection, and external modulation and high-order modulation
external modulation, wavelength division multiplexing, technologies. Currently, single-wave 100G bit rate
dense wavelength division multiplexing and optical phase transmission can be realized based on PAM4 modulation
modulation and demodulation technology in order to achieve technology. The maturity of silicon-based thin-film
large-capacity transmission, and through the application modulators and higher-order modulation technologies will
of ultra-low loss fiber, high-power semiconductor laser, further increase the single-wave transmission rate in the
high-sensitivity semiconductor detector, optical amplifier, future.
coherent optical communication and optical soliton 3.2.2 Channel multiplexing technology
communication and other technologies, long-distance In the 1990s, in order to expand the capacity of the single
information communication is realized. At present, the optical fiber, a third-generation optical communication
bandwidth of optical fiber communication has developed system based on single-mode optical fiber and wavelength
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